Techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset

ABSTRACT

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A device may identify modes from a set of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set of modem functional blocks of a chipset operates during a portion of a time interval. Each modem functional block may include a set of units classified to have a power response that satisfies a power trend metric for at least one mode. The device may select power calculation equations from a set of power calculation equations based on the set of multiple modes, calculate an power consumption level for the chipset for the time interval based on the selected power calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval a respective multiple modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiple modes.

CROSS REFERENCE

The present Application for Patent claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 63/111,504 by RANJAN et al., entitled“TECHNIQUES FOR ESTIMATING POWER CONSUMPTION OF A CHIPSET,” filed Nov.9, 2020, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated byreference herein.

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The following relates to wireless communications, including techniquesfor estimating power consumption of a chipset.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide varioustypes of communication content such as voice, video, packet data,messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable ofsupporting communication with multiple users by sharing the availablesystem resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of suchmultiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such asLong Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, orLTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may bereferred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employtechnologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time divisionmultiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA),orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discreteFourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system mayinclude one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes,each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communicationdevices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE).

In conventional techniques, computer models may be used to determine theamount of power consumed by a device, such as a UE. These computermodels may mimic the behavior of the device, where a large number ofinputs may be required to run the computer model to generate the powerconsumption estimate. As such, the computer model may be complex andrequire a large amount of time (e.g., minutes, hours) and power to runthe model. In some cases, it may be beneficial to configure a device toperform real-time power consumption estimates. However, conventionalpower estimation techniques may be deficient.

SUMMARY

The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices,and apparatuses that support techniques for estimating power consumptionof a chipset. Generally, the described techniques provide for a powerestimation model that may be utilized by a device (e.g., UE, componentof a UE) to determine real-time (or near real-time) power consumptionestimates of the device. For example, a device (e.g., a UE) may includea chipset and a processor. A chipset may include one or more modem unitsthat each perform a defined function as part of the chipset. Forexample, a modem or a power amplifier may be referred to as modem unitsof a chipset. Each modem unit of a chipset may be grouped into afunctional block (e.g., a modem functional block) such that each modemunit within a functional block consumes a similar amount of power, forexample, in response to at least one input variable. Further, a set ofmodes (e.g., generic modes) may be defined that may encompass actionsthat the device routinely performs (e.g., performing a call, downloadeddata). For example, the modes may include a wideband CDMA (WCDMA) sleepmode, an LTE Partial sleep mode, a 5G Sub6 physical downlink controlchannel (PDCCH) mode, a 5G millimeter wave (mmW) data mode, etc. Assuch, a device may perform an action that requires a functional block tooperate according to a mode. A power consumption equation may beassociated with each mode and functional block combination. The device(e.g., the UE, the chipset) may be configured with the set of equations,and the mode and functional block combination associated with theequation so that the device may determine its power consumption usingone or more equations of the set of equations.

In some case, the chipset may receive, such as from the processor, acommand requesting calculation of an estimated power consumption levelfor a set of modem functional blocks of a chipset, or the chipset mayotherwise determine to perform calculations of the estimation powerconsumption level. A device (e.g., chipset, UE) may identify a set ofmultiple modes of a set of modes in which at least one modem functionalblock of a set of modem functional blocks of the device (e.g., chipset,UE) operates during at least a portion of a time interval. Eachrespective modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocksmay include a set of modem units classified to have a power response forat least one input parameter type that satisfies a power response trendmetric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes. The devicemay select a set of multiple power estimate calculation equations of aset of power estimate calculation equations based on the set of multiplemodes, calculate an estimated power consumption level for the chipsetfor the time interval based on the set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations and a proportion of the time interval a respectivemultiple modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocksoperates in a respective mode of the set of multiple modes. In somecases, the device (e.g., chipset), or some other device (e.g., aprocessor of the UE) may control operation of at least one component ofthe UE based on the estimated power consumption level.

A method for wireless communications at a UE is described. The methodmay include identifying a set of multiple modes of a set of multiplemodes in which at least one modem functional block of a set of multiplemodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of multiple modem functional blocks including a set of multiplemodem units classified to have a power response that satisfies a powerresponse trend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiplemodes, selecting a set of multiple power estimate calculation equationsof a set of multiple power estimate calculation equations based on theset of multiple modes, calculating an estimated power consumption levelfor the chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of multiple modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes, and controlling operation of at least one component of the UEbased on the estimated power consumption level.

An apparatus for wireless communications at a UE is described. Theapparatus may include a processor, memory in electronic communicationwith the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. Theinstructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatusto identify a set of multiple modes of a set of multiple modes in whichat least one modem functional block of a set of multiple modemfunctional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at least aportion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of multiple modem functional blocks including a set of multiplemodem units classified to have a power response that satisfies a powerresponse trend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiplemodes, select a set of multiple power estimate calculation equations ofa set of multiple power estimate calculation equations based on the setof multiple modes, calculate an estimated power consumption level forthe chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of multiple modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes, and control operation of at least one component of the UE basedon the estimated power consumption level.

Another apparatus for wireless communications at a UE is described. Theapparatus may include means for identifying a set of multiple modes of aset of multiple modes in which at least one modem functional block of aset of multiple modem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operatesduring at least a portion of a time interval, each respective modemfunctional block of the set of multiple modem functional blocksincluding a set of multiple modem units classified to have a powerresponse that satisfies a power response trend metric for at least onemode of the set of multiple modes, means for selecting a set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations of a set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations based on the set of multiple modes, means forcalculating an estimated power consumption level for the chipset for thetime interval based on the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations and a proportion of the time interval a respective multiplemodem functional block of the set of multiple modem functional blocksoperates in a respective mode of the set of multiple modes, and meansfor controlling operation of at least one component of the UE based onthe estimated power consumption level.

A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wirelesscommunications at a UE is described. The code may include instructionsexecutable by a processor to identify a set of multiple modes of a setof multiple modes in which at least one modem functional block of a setof multiple modem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operatesduring at least a portion of a time interval, each respective modemfunctional block of the set of multiple modem functional blocksincluding a set of multiple modem units classified to have a powerresponse that satisfies a power response trend metric for at least onemode of the set of multiple modes, select a set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations of a set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations based on the set of multiple modes, calculate anestimated power consumption level for the chipset for the time intervalbased on the set of multiple power estimate calculation equations and aproportion of the time interval a respective multiple modem functionalblock of the set of multiple modem functional blocks operates in arespective mode of the set of multiple modes, and control operation ofat least one component of the UE based on the estimated powerconsumption level.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for identifying one or moremodem functional blocks of the set of multiple modem functional blocksof the chipset that operates during at least the portion of the timeinterval.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for determining a firstpower estimate calculation equation from the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a first estimated subpowerconsumption level for a first modem functional block of the set ofmultiple modem functional blocks based on the first modem functionalblock operating, during at least the portion of the time interval, in afirst mode corresponding to the first power estimate calculationequation and calculating the first estimated subpower consumption levelfor the first modem functional block corresponding to the time intervalbased on the first power estimate calculation equation, where theestimated power consumption level may be calculated based on the firstestimated subpower consumption level.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for determining a secondpower estimate calculation equation from the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for a second modem functional block of the set ofmultiple modem functional blocks based on the second modem functionalblock operating, during at least the portion of the time interval, inthe first mode corresponding to the second power estimate calculationequation and calculating the second estimated subpower consumption levelfor the second modem functional block corresponding to the time intervalbased on the second power estimate calculation equation, where theestimated power consumption level may be calculated based on the secondestimated subpower consumption level.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for determining a secondpower estimate calculation equation from the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for the first modem functional block of the set ofmultiple modem functional blocks based on the first modem functionalblock operating, during a second portion of the time interval, in asecond mode corresponding to the second power estimate calculationequation and calculating the second estimated subpower consumption levelfor the first modem functional block during the second portion of thetime interval based on the second power estimate calculation equation,where the estimated power consumption level may be calculated based onthe second estimated subpower consumption level.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, selecting the set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations may include operations, features,means, or instructions for selecting the set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations of the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations based on each power estimate calculation equation of theselected set being associated with at least one modem functional blockof the set of multiple modem functional blocks and the at least one modeof the set of multiple modes in which the modem functional blockoperated in during at least the portion of the time interval.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, calculating the estimatedpower consumption level may include operations, features, means, orinstructions for calculating a set of multiple estimated subpowerconsumption levels corresponding to a respective modem functional blockof the set of multiple modem functional blocks, each estimated subpowerconsumption level of the set of multiple estimated subpower consumptionlevels calculated using a respective power estimate calculation equationof the set of multiple power estimate calculation equations, adjustingeach estimated subpower consumption level of the set of multipleestimated subpower consumption levels based on multiplying eachestimated subpower consumption level by the proportion of the timeinterval each respective modem functional block operated in therespective mode, and calculating the estimated power consumption levelbased on adding the adjusted estimated subpower consumption levels.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, calculating the estimatedpower consumption level may include operations, features, means, orinstructions for calculating the estimated power consumption level basedon a weighted average of a set of multiple estimated subpowerconsumption levels calculated for a respective modem functional block ofthe set of multiple modem functional blocks that operated in a multiplemodes during the time interval.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the power response thatsatisfies the power response trend metric for at least one mode of theset of multiple modes may be associated with at least one inputparameter type.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for determining acommunication parameter value for the at least one input parameter typecorresponding to a first power estimate calculation equation of the setof multiple power estimate calculation equations and calculating a firstestimated subpower consumption level based on the first power estimatecalculation equation and the communication parameter value for the atleast one input parameter type, where the estimated power consumptionlevel may be calculated based on the first estimated subpowerconsumption level.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, the communication parametervalue may be a number of layers, or a bandwidth per layer, or a totalallocated bandwidth, or a combination thereof.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, controlling the operation mayinclude operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting apower usage scheme corresponding to at least one modem functional blockof the set of multiple modem functional blocks.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, controlling the operation mayinclude operations, features, means, or instructions for adjusting athermal mitigation scheme corresponding to at least one modem functionalblock of the set of multiple modem functional blocks.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, each modem unit of the set ofmultiple modem units may be a system on chip (SOC) unit, a dynamicrandom access memory (DRAM) unit, a power management integrated circuit(PMIC) unit, a modem subunit, a transceiver unit, a radio frequency (RF)unit, a power amplifier (PA) unit, or a low-noise amplifier (LNA) unit.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a commandrequesting calculation of the estimated power consumption level for thechipset.

In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein, receiving the commandrequesting calculation of the estimated power consumption level mayinclude operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving thecommand that indicates a duration of the time interval over which tocalculate the estimated power consumption level for the set of multiplemodem functional blocks of the chipset.

Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitorycomputer-readable medium described herein may further includeoperations, features, means, or instructions for calculating, for eachperiod of the time interval, a subsequent estimated power consumptionlevel for the set of multiple modem functional blocks for acorresponding period of the time interval.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a system for wireless communicationsthat supports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipsetin accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a system for wireless communicationsthat supports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipsetin accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a power estimation table that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process flow that supports techniquesfor estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordance with aspectsof the present disclosure.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show diagrams of devices that support techniques forestimating power consumption of a chipset in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 7 shows a diagram of a communications manager that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system including a device that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 9 through 11 show flowcharts illustrating methods that supporttechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In conventional techniques, computer models may be used to determine theamount of power consumed by a device, such as a UE. For example,pre-silicon estimates may be performed on a device (e.g., a UE, achipset) to determine the battery design and thermal design of thedevice. The pre-silicon estimates are not determined from the actualdevice but from a model run on a computer, server, or other heavy-dutycomputing machine, where the computer model may mimic the behavior ofthe device based on a set of inputs. The computer model may be complexand require a large amount of resources to run, such as time (e.g.,minutes, hours) and energy resources. The computer model may generate anestimated amount of power/thermal consumption of the device, and thenthe post-silicon device may be manipulated to correspond with thecomputer generated, pre-silicon, estimates.

In some cases, it may be beneficial to configure a device (e.g., apost-silicon device) to perform real-time power consumption estimates insoftware of the device itself so that the device may use the real-timepower consumption estimates to perform power consumption mitigationtechniques. However, the conventional techniques (e.g., pre-silicontechniques) for determining power consumption may not be used insoftware of a post-silicon device because the computer model may requirea large amount of time to run and as such, would not result in real-timeestimates. Further, the computer model may require a large amount ofpower to run, and if implemented in the software of a device, mayincrease the overall power consumption of the device.

To configure a device with a power consumption estimation procedure, thedevice may be configured with a set of equations to use to calculate thepower consumption of the device. For example, a device (e.g., a UE) mayinclude a chipset and a processor. A chipset may include one or moremodem units that each perform a defined function as part of the chipset.For example, a modem or a power amplifier may be referred to as a modemunit of a chipset. Each modem unit may be a hardware component,circuitry, or the like, configured to perform an operation related towireless communication. Each modem unit of a chipset may be grouped intoa functional block such that each modem unit within a functional blockconsumes a similar power response to one or more input variables.Further, a set of modes (e.g., generic modes) may be defined that mayencompass actions the device routinely performs (e.g., performing acall, downloaded data). For example, the modes may include a WCDMA sleepmode, an LTE Partial sleep mode, a 5G Sub6 PDCCH mode, a 5G mmW datamode, and the like. A device may perform an action that requires afunctional block or one or more modem units within a functional block tooperate according to a mode. As such, a set of power consumptionequations may be determined where each power consumption equation isassociated with a mode and functional block combination. The device(e.g., the UE, the chipset, etc.) may be configured with the set ofequations, and the mode and functional block combination associated withthe equation.

A chipset, or some other processor of a device, may then use theappropriate equations to calculate the power consumption for a timeinterval to determine the total power consumption of the chipset duringthe time interval. For example, the chipset may determine that a firstfunctional block of the chipset operated according to a first mode for aportion of a time interval. The chipset may use the equation associatedwith the first functional block and first mode combination to determinethe amount of power the first functional block consumed during the timeinterval. In some cases, the chipset may determine the amount of powerconsumed by multiple functional block to determine the overall powerconsumption of the chipset during the time interval. A device (e.g., theUE), or a unit of the device (e.g., the chipset, the processor) may thenperform an action based on the total power consumption to conserve thebattery life of the device, to mitigate thermal effects of the device,or to log the power consumption of the device over time.

Particular aspects of the subject matter described herein may beimplemented to realize one or more advantages. The described techniquesmay support improvements in power consumption of a device byimplementing real-time power consumption estimation techniques that maybe used by a device. Real-time power consumption estimation techniquesmay allow a device to perform mitigation techniques to conserve batterylife and mitigate thermal effects of the device. As such, supportedtechniques may include improved network operations and, in someexamples, may promote network efficiencies, among other benefits.

Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context ofwireless communications systems. Aspects are then described with respectto a power estimation table and a process flow. Aspects of thedisclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference todiagrams and flowcharts that relate to techniques for estimating powerconsumption of a chipset.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100that supports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipsetin accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wirelesscommunications system 100 may include one or more base stations 105, oneor more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wirelesscommunications system 100 may be a LTE network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A)network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In someexamples, the wireless communications system 100 may support enhancedbroadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission critical)communications, low latency communications, communications with low-costand low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof.

The base stations 105 may be dispersed throughout a geographic area toform the wireless communications system 100 and may be devices indifferent forms or having different capabilities. The base stations 105and the UEs 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communicationlinks 125. Each base station 105 may provide a coverage area 110 overwhich the UEs 115 and the base station 105 may establish one or morecommunication links 125. The coverage area 110 may be an example of ageographic area over which a base station 105 and a UE 115 may supportthe communication of signals according to one or more radio accesstechnologies.

The UEs 115 may be dispersed throughout a coverage area 110 of thewireless communications system 100, and each UE 115 may be stationary,or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs 115 may be devices indifferent forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs 115are illustrated in FIG. 1. The UEs 115 described herein may be able tocommunicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115, thebase stations 105, or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relaydevices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other networkequipment), as shown in FIG. 1.

The base stations 105 may communicate with the core network 130, or withone another, or both. For example, the base stations 105 may interfacewith the core network 130 through one or more backhaul links 120 (e.g.,via an S1, N2, N3, or other interface). The base stations 105 maycommunicate with one another over the backhaul links 120 (e.g., via anX2, Xn, or other interface) either directly (e.g., directly between basestations 105), or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130), or both. Insome examples, the backhaul links 120 may be or include one or morewireless links.

One or more of the base stations 105 described herein may include or maybe referred to by a person having ordinary skill in the art as a basetransceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radiotransceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or agiga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home NodeB,a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology.

A UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, awireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriberdevice, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may alsobe referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, amongother examples. A UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as apersonal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personalcomputer. In some examples, a UE 115 may include or be referred to as awireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device,an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications(MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in variousobjects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples.

The UEs 115 described herein may be able to communicate with varioustypes of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relaysas well as the base stations 105 and the network equipment includingmacro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations,among other examples, as shown in FIG. 1.

The UEs 115 and the base stations 105 may wirelessly communicate withone another via one or more communication links 125 over one or morecarriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of radio frequencyspectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure forsupporting the communication links 125. For example, a carrier used fora communication link 125 may include a portion of a radio frequencyspectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated accordingto one or more physical layer channels for a given radio accesstechnology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layerchannel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals,system information), control signaling that coordinates operation forthe carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communicationssystem 100 may support communication with a UE 115 using carrieraggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE 115 may be configured withmultiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink componentcarriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrieraggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) andtime division duplexing (TDD) component carriers.

Signal waveforms transmitted over a carrier may be made up of multiplesubcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques suchas orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fouriertransform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCMtechniques, a resource element may consist of one symbol period (e.g., aduration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbolperiod and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bitscarried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme(e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of themodulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements that a UE115 receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, thehigher the data rate may be for the UE 115. A wireless communicationsresource may refer to a combination of a radio frequency spectrumresource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., spatial layersor beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further increasethe data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE 115.

The time intervals for the base stations 105 or the UEs 115 may beexpressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example,refer to a sampling period of T_(s)=1/(Δf_(max)·N_(f)) seconds, whereΔf_(max) may represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, andN_(f) may represent the maximum supported discrete Fourier transform(DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organizedaccording to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system framenumber (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes orslots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In someexamples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) intosubframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number ofslots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of slots,and the number of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot mayinclude a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of thecyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wirelesscommunications systems 100, a slot may further be divided into multiplemini-slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix,each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N_(f)) samplingperiods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrierspacing or frequency band of operation.

A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallestscheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wirelesscommunications system 100 and may be referred to as a transmission timeinterval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number ofsymbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally, oralternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wirelesscommunications system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in burstsof shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to varioustechniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel maybe multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more oftime division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency divisionmultiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A controlregion (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical controlchannel may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extendacross the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of thecarrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configuredfor a set of the UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 maymonitor or search control regions for control information according toone or more search space sets, and each search space set may include oneor multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levelsarranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a controlchannel candidate may refer to a number of control channel resources(e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encodedinformation for a control information format having a given payloadsize. Search space sets may include common search space sets configuredfor sending control information to multiple UEs 115 and UE-specificsearch space sets for sending control information to a specific UE 115.

In some examples, a base station 105 may be movable and thereforeprovide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area110. In some examples, different geographic coverage areas 110associated with different technologies may overlap, but the differentgeographic coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same base station105. In other examples, the overlapping geographic coverage areas 110associated with different technologies may be supported by differentbase stations 105. The wireless communications system 100 may include,for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of thebase stations 105 provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas110 using the same or different radio access technologies.

The wireless communications system 100 may be configured to supportultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or variouscombinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latencycommunications (URLLC) or mission critical communications. The UEs 115may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or criticalfunctions (e.g., mission critical functions). Ultra-reliablecommunications may include private communication or group communicationand may be supported by one or more mission critical services such asmission critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission critical video (MCVideo),or mission critical data (MCData). Support for mission criticalfunctions may include prioritization of services, and mission criticalservices may be used for public safety or general commercialapplications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission critical,and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein.

In some examples, a UE 115 may also be able to communicate directly withother UEs 115 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135(e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs 115utilizing D2D communications may be within the geographic coverage area110 of a base station 105. Other UEs 115 in such a group may be outsidethe geographic coverage area 110 of a base station 105 or be otherwiseunable to receive transmissions from a base station 105. In someexamples, groups of the UEs 115 communicating via D2D communications mayutilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE 115 transmits toevery other UE 115 in the group. In some examples, a base station 105facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In othercases, D2D communications are carried out between the UEs 115 withoutthe involvement of a base station 105.

The core network 130 may provide user authentication, accessauthorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and otheraccess, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 may be anevolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at leastone control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., amobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility managementfunction (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packetsor interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), aPacket Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function(UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS)functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management forthe UEs 115 served by the base stations 105 associated with the corenetwork 130. User IP packets may be transferred through the user planeentity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as otherfunctions. The user plane entity may be connected to IP services 150 forone or more network operators. The IP services 150 may include access tothe Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or aPacket-Switched Streaming Service.

Some of the network devices, such as a base station 105, may includesubcomponents such as an access network entity 140, which may be anexample of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity140 may communicate with the UEs 115 through one or more other accessnetwork transmission entities 145, which may be referred to as radioheads, smart radio heads, or transmission/reception points (TRPs). Eachaccess network transmission entity 145 may include one or more antennapanels. In some configurations, various functions of each access networkentity 140 or base station 105 may be distributed across various networkdevices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a singlenetwork device (e.g., a base station 105).

The wireless communications system 100 may operate using one or morefrequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known asthe ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because thewavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter inlength. The UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings andenvironmental features, but the waves may penetrate structuressufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs 115 locatedindoors. The transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smallerantennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared totransmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the highfrequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrumbelow 300 MHz.

The wireless communications system 100 may utilize both licensed andunlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wirelesscommunications system 100 may employ License Assisted Access (LAA),LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in anunlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical(ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands,devices such as the base stations 105 and the UEs 115 may employ carriersensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples,operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregationconfiguration in conjunction with component carriers operating in alicensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensed spectrum may includedownlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2Dtransmissions, among other examples.

A base station 105 or a UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas,which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity,receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications,or beamforming. The antennas of a base station 105 or a UE 115 may belocated within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which maysupport MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example,one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located atan antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples,antennas or antenna arrays associated with a base station 105 may belocated in diverse geographic locations. A base station 105 may have anantenna array with a number of rows and columns of antenna ports thatthe base station 105 may use to support beamforming of communicationswith a UE 115. Likewise, a UE 115 may have one or more antenna arraysthat may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally,or alternatively, an antenna panel may support radio frequencybeamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port.

The base stations 105 or the UEs 115 may use MIMO communications toexploit multipath signal propagation and increase the spectralefficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via differentspatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatialmultiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted bythe transmitting device via different antennas or different combinationsof antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by thereceiving device via different antennas or different combinations ofantennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separatespatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream(e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., differentcodewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with differentantenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMOtechniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatiallayers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-userMIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted tomultiple devices.

Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering,directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signalprocessing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or areceiving device (e.g., a base station 105, a UE 115) to shape or steeran antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatialpath between the transmitting device and the receiving device.Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated viaantenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagatingat particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experienceconstructive interference while others experience destructiveinterference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antennaelements may include a transmitting device or a receiving deviceapplying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carriedvia the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustmentsassociated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by abeamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g.,with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device orreceiving device, or with respect to some other orientation).

In some cases, a device (e.g., a UE 115) may include a chipset and aprocessor. A chipset may include one or more modem units that eachperform a defined function as part of the chipset. Each modem unit of achipset may be grouped into a functional block (e.g., modem functionalblock) such that each modem unit within a functional block has a similarpower response to one or more input variables (resulting in similarpower trends, such as linear or quadratic power trends as values of theone or more input variables, alone or in combination, change). Forexample, the power response of modem units within a functional blockbased on input variation is similar, where the power in absolute numbersmay not be similar. For example, two modem units, one with 10 milliWatt(mW) power and other with 100 mW power may be considered similar if theyboth become double when an input variable doubles. Further, a set ofmodes (e.g., sleep mode, partial sleep mode, talk mode, data mode, PDCCHmode, etc.) may be defined that may encompass actions the deviceroutinely performs (e.g., performing a call, downloaded data). A powerconsumption equation defined may be associated with each mode andfunctional block combination so that the device may calculate the powerconsumption of each functional block under each mode using the equation.As such, a set of power consumption equations may be defined. The device(e.g., the UE 115, the chipset) may be configured with the set ofequations, and the mode and functional block combination each equationis associated with.

In some cases, the chipset may receive, such as from the processor, acommand requesting calculation of an estimated power consumption levelfor a set of modem functional blocks of a chipset, or the chipset mayotherwise perform calculations of the estimated power consumption level.A device (e.g., chipset, UE 115) may identify a set of multiple modes ofa set of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of a UE 115 operates during atleast a portion of a time interval. Each respective modem functionalblock of the set of modem functional blocks may include a set of modemunits classified to have a power response that satisfies a powerresponse trend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiplemodes. The device may select a set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations of a set of power estimate calculation equationsbased on the set of multiple modes, calculate an estimated powerconsumption level for the chipset for the time interval based on the setof multiple power estimate calculation equations and a proportion of thetime interval a respective multiple modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set ofmultiple modes. In some case, the device (e.g., chipset), or some otherdevice (e.g., a processor of the UE 115) may control operation of atleast one component of the UE based on the estimated power consumptionlevel.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 200that supports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipsetin accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wirelesscommunications system 200 may include base station 105-a and UE 115-a,which may be examples of a base station 105 and a UE 115 as describedwith reference to FIG. 1. Base station 105-a may serve a geographiccoverage area 110-a. In some cases, UE 115-a or a chipset of UE 115-amay implement a power consumption estimation procedure to determine thepower consumption of UE 115-a. Additionally, or alternatively, otherwireless devices, such as base station 105-a, may implement the powerconsumption estimation procedure as described herein.

In some cases, devices, such as a UE 115 or a component of a UE 115 suchas a chipset, may be tested in a virtual environment to determine thebehavior of the device, such as the amount of power the device consumesunder certain parameters. For example, a device may be modeled in avirtual environment (via a computer model) to determine the behavior ofthe device, without the device, which may be used to design and/orselect one or more components of the device, such as a battery ofappropriate size. Such testing may be referred to as pre-silicon testingand due to the virtual nature of the testing, may be static.

Static pre-silicon power estimation techniques may use a limited set ofparameters (e.g., use cases) that may allow for the selection of theappropriate battery size of the device, and/or selection of the thermaldesign of the platform of the device. In some cases, the pre-siliconpower estimation techniques may be used to optimize hardware, software,or both of the device for enhanced device performance (e.g., increasedpower and user experience). In some cases, the pre-silicon powerestimation techniques may be used for key performance indicator (KPI)analysis, such as to determine power consumption of the device, ordays-of-use (DoU) of the device. In some cases, the pre-silicon powerestimation techniques may be used for correlation and debuggingtechniques on the post-silicon device (e.g., the actual device). Forexample, the pre-silicon estimates may be used to debug the post-silicondevice so that the battery design and thermal design of the pre-silicondevice still apply to the post-silicon device.

The computer model may mimic the behavior of a device. As such, thecomputer model may be complex and require a significant amount ofresources to run, such as time (e.g., minutes, hours, etc.) and energyresources. In some cases, it may be beneficial to configure a device(e.g., a post-silicon device) to perform real-time power consumptionestimates in the software of the device so that the device may use thepower consumption estimates and act, as needed, to mitigate powerconsumption of the device to conserve battery power and/or to mitigatethermal effects. For example, a device, such as UE 115-a, may performone or more functions (e.g., downloading data, streaming, gaming, etc.)that may impact one or more operating parameters of the device (e.g.,drain the battery of the device, increase the temperature of the device,etc.). In one example, a device, such as UE 115-a may communicate with abase station 105, such as base station 105-a in a wirelesscommunications system 200. UE 115-a and base station 105-a maycommunicate over one or more communication links 205. For example, basestation 105-a may transmit signals to UE 115-a via communication link205-b (e.g., a downlink communication link 205) and UE 115-a maytransmit signals to base station 105-b via communication link 205-b(e.g., an uplink communication link 205). In such cases, it may bebeneficial for the device to determine, in real-time (or near real-time)the power consumption of the device (or of one or more components of thedevice) so that the device may use the determined power consumptioninformation to change one or more operating parameters of the device (orone or more operating parameters of one or more components of thedevice) to mitigate battery usage and/or mitigate rising temperatures ofthe device.

However, the pre-silicon techniques for determining power consumptionmay not be implemented in software of a post-silicon device because thepre-silicon computer model may use a large amount of time to run and, assuch, would not result in real-time estimates. Further, the equipment(e.g., computer, server, etc.) being used to run the pre-siliconcomputer model may use a separate power source to run the model, andthus may not impact the power consumption estimates of the pre-silicondevice. However, if the model were implemented in software of thepost-silicon device to determine the power consumption of the device,the device would have to use its own power to perform the calculation.As such, running the model would add to the overall power consumptionthat the device is attempting to calculate, which would lead to acomplex or inaccurate power consumption estimate.

To determine the amount of power a device, such as a post-silicon device(e.g., UE 115-a, base station 105-a), consumes, the device may beconfigured with a simplified model. The simplified model may be based onthe components (e.g., chipset, processor, etc.) the device includes andthe modes in which the device may operate. For example, a device, suchas UE 115-a, may include a processor 210 and a chipset 215. A chipset215 may include one or more modem units 220 that each perform a definedfunction as part of the chipset 215, where each modem unit 220 may beconnected to or receive commands from the processor 210 of the chipset215. A modem unit 220 may be connected to one or more other modem unit220. For example, a modem, system on chip (SOC), dynamic random accessmemory (DRAM), power management integrated circuit (PMIC), aninterconnect (e.g., an interconnect between its SDX series chips (suchas, modem chips) and SDR series chips (such as, RF chips), SDX-SDRinterconnect, etc.), a digital component (e.g., wireless transceivermodem subsystem (WMSS)), radio frequency (RF) component, a poweramplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), etc., may each be referred to asa modem unit 220 of a chipset 215. Further, a device, or one or moremodem units 220 of a device, may operate according to a mode ofoperation to perform an action of the device. For example, the devicemay perform a characteristic action (e.g., place an outgoing call,receive a text message, download data, etc.) which may require one ormore modem units 220 of the device to operate according to a mode ofoperation to perform the characteristic action.

To determine the amount of power a device, such as a post-silicon device(e.g., UE 115-a, base station 105-a), consumes, the device may determinethe amount of power each modem unit 220 of the device consumes, whichmay be based on the mode in which the modem unit 220 is operating.However, determining the amount of power each modem unit 220 uses undereach possible action the device may perform may lead to a complexcalculation.

To mitigate the complexity of the power estimation procedure (e.g., thepost-silicon power estimation procedure) and to ensure real-time powerestimation, modem units 220 may be grouped into functional block 225(e.g., modem functional blocks), or device actions may be grouped intomodes (e.g., generic modes), or both so as to lower the quantity ofvariables to consider for the power estimation procedure. For example,each modem unit 220 of a chipset 215 may be grouped into a functionalblock 225 such that each modem unit 220 within a functional block 225has a similar (or same) power response (e.g., power consumption trend)to one or more input variables (e.g., bandwidth).

For example, two modem units may be determined to have similar powerresponses if the power consumed by each modem unit varies in a similarmanner in response to changes in values of the same type of inputparameter or a same set of input parameters. For example, the amount ofpower utilized by modem units that changes linearly, quadratically, viaanother polynomial equation, or by another equation determined usinginterpolation, for at least a same input variable (e.g., bandwidth,number of layers), are classified in a same functional block. Forexample, modem units 220 whose power consumption varies linearly,quadratically, or by another equation determined using interpolation,when at least one type of parameter changes, may be classified in a samefunctional block. In some cases, modem units 220-a and 220-b may havesimilar power responses to an input variable as each other while modemunits 220-c and 220-d may have similar power responses to the inputvariable as each other. For example, the amount of power consumed bymodem units 220-a and 220-b may each change linearly (or quadraticallyor by another equation, such as one determined using interpolation) as avalue related to a change of at least one same input variable. In anexample, the amount of power consumed by modem units 220-a and 220-b mayeach change linearly (or quadratically or by another equation) inaccordance with changes to a receive bandwidth being monitored.Increasing the bandwidth being monitored may result in a correspondinglinear increase in power consumption, and decreasing the bandwidth beingmonitored may result in a corresponding linear decrease in powerconsumption. In some cases, modem units 220-a and 220-b may beclassified within a same functional block when having a similar powerresponse for certain ranges of values of at least one type of inputvariable.

As such, modem units 220-a and 220-b may be grouped into functionalblock 225-a and modem units 220-c and 220-d may be grouped intofunctional block 225-b. In some cases, the number of functional blocks225 that the modem units 220 are divided into may be determined toprovide a relatively accurate power estimation while mitigatingcomputational complexity. For example, increasing the number offunctional blocks 225 may increase accuracy but may also increasecomplexity of the calculation.

In some implementations, a set of modes (e.g., generic modes) may bedefined that may encompass actions that the device routinely performs.The modes be based on the wireless communications type (e.g., WCDMA,LTE, 5G Sub6, 5G mmW, etc.) and an action (e.g., sleep, partial sleep,PDCCH, data, etc.) performed in the wireless communication type. Forexample, the set of modes may include a WCDMA sleep mode, an LTE partialsleep mode, a 5G Sub6 PDCCH mode, a 5G mmW data mode, etc. Any actionthe device may perform, such as downloading data, may be covered by oneof the defined modes. In some cases, the number of modes that aredefined may be optimally determined to provide an accurate powerestimation while mitigating complexity. For example, increasing thenumber of defined modes may increase accuracy but may also increase thecomplexity of the calculation.

To determine the amount of power each functional block 225 consumeswhile operating under each defined mode, the device (e.g., UE 115-a,base station 105-a, a chipset 215, and processor 210) may be configuredwith a set of equations usable to calculate the power consumption of thedevice. Each equation of the set of equations may be mode and functionalblock 225 specific. Upon being configured with the set of equations, thedevice may determine or identify the functional blocks 225 that operatedduring a time interval, and the mode in which each functional block 225operated. The device may then use the equations corresponding to thedetermined functional block 225 and mode combinations to calculate a sumof the power consumption of each functional block 225 for a timeinterval to determine the total power consumption of the chipset 215during the time interval. The chipset 215 may then perform an actionbased on the total power consumption to conserve the battery life of adevice associated with the chipset 215 (e.g., UE 115-a) to mitigatethermal effects of the device, to log the power consumption of thechipset over time, and the like.

In some cases, the real-time power estimation techniques as describedherein may be implemented in software of a device and may be referred toas on-chip power estimation. Such techniques may be dynamic such thatthe techniques may occur frequently (e.g., on the order of seconds)and/or may be triggered by another device such as another device of theUE 115-a (e.g., a processor, baseband model, etc.). As the real-timepower estimation is a simplified (e.g., optimized), as compared to thepre-silicon power estimation model, the real-time power estimationtechniques may be computed on the order of micro-seconds (e.g., inreal-time) and may not add, or minimally add, to the overall powerconsumption of the device performing the techniques. Further, thereal-time power estimation techniques described herein may allow adevice to determine the power consumption of the device under any usecase (e.g., any real-world use case), as opposed to a few lab dashboard(or DoU, where DoU may refer to a metric used by original equipmentmanufacturer (OEMs) to measure how many days a battery will lastassuming a certain set of use cases with different time weights for eachof them) scenarios used in the pre-silicon power estimation models.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a power estimation table 300 thatsupports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The power estimationtable 300 may illustrate a set of equations a device may be configuredwith to determine the power consumption of the device. The powerestimation table 300 may be implemented in a base station or a UE, whichmay be examples of a base station 105 and a UE 115 as described withreference to FIGS. 1 and 2. For example, a UE may implement a powerconsumption estimation procedure by using the power estimation table 300to determine the power consumption of the UE. Additionally, oralternatively, other wireless devices, such as a base station, mayimplement the power consumption estimation procedure as describedherein.

As described with reference to FIG. 2, modem units of a chipset of adevice may be classified into functional blocks based on the power trendof each modem unit such that each modem unit included in a functionalblock has a similar power response (e.g., power trend) in response tothe same one or more input parameters and may be represented by a singlepower equation. In some cases, more than one input parameter may be usedto determine the power responses. For example, functional block 1 mayinclude the SoC, DRAM, and PMIC of a chipset. Functional block 2 mayinclude the modem of the chipset. Functional block 3 may include aninterconnect of the chipset (e.g., an interconnect between its SDXseries chips (such as, modem chips) and SDR series chips (such as, RFchips), SDX-SDR interconnect). Functional block 4 may include a digitalcomponent of the chipset (e.g., WMSS, digital component of the SDR).Functional block 5 may include a power amplifier and an LNA of thechipset.

Further, each action that the device may perform may be simplified intoa set of operational modes. For example, 16 modes may be defined thatmay encompass each action the device may perform and may be based on awireless communications system that the device is operating in. Theactions the device may perform may be slotted into a mode based on thepower trend of the actions in response to input parameters such thateach action within a mode has a similar power response (e.g., powertrend such as a linear, quadratic, other polynomial, or other equationdetermined using interpolation as a value of at least one inputparameter changes) in response to the same one or more input parametersand may be represented by a single power equation. For example, modes 1through 4 may be defined as WCDMA modes, modes 5 through 8 may bedefined as LTE modes, modes 9 through 12 may be defined as 5G Sub6modes, and modes 13 through 16 may be defined as 5G mmW modes. The modeswithin a wireless communications system subset may then be based on abroad action that the device may perform. For example, modes 1, 5, 9,and 13 may be sleep modes, which may encompass any action associatedwith the device being in a sleep mode, or any action the device mayperform while in a sleep mode. Modes 22, 6, 10, and 14 may be partialsleep modes, which may encompass any action associated with the devicebeing in a partial sleep mode, or any action the device may performwhile in a partial sleep mode. A partial sleep mode may be a mode whereprocessing requirements are similar to a sleep mode, but the sleep towake up window is shorter than the sleep mode. As such, additionalcircuitry may remain on during a partial sleep mode as compared to thesleep mode, to enable faster wake up. Modes 3, 7, 11, and 15 may bePDCCH modes, which may encompass any action associated with the devicereceiving a PDCCH that does not include a data grant. As such, modes 3,7, 11, and 15 may include processing received PDCCHs (without datagrants), such that no data is processed in modes 3, 7, 11, and 15. Modes4, 8, 12, and 16 may be data modes, which may encompass any actionassociated with the device handling (e.g., receiving, transmitting,configuring) data. As such, mode 1 may be a wideband CDM (WCDM) sleepmode, for example. In some implementations, post-silicon labmeasurements and logs (e.g., post-silicon measurements and logs formodem use cases on a chipset or modem unit) may be used to determine thereal-time power estimation techniques as described herein. For example,post-silicon lab measurements may be used to group modem units intofunctional blocks and/or to determine the modes (e.g., sleep mode,partial sleep mode, talk mode, data mode, PDCCH mode, etc.) thatencompass actions the device may perform.

To determine the amount of power the device (e.g., a UE, a base station)consumes in a time interval, the device may determine the amount ofpower each functional block consumes in the time interval, where theamount of power each functional block consumes in the time interval maybe based on the mode(s) the functional block operates in during the timeinterval. To determine the amount of power each functional blockconsumes based on a mode, an equation may be developed for eachcombination (e.g., {sub block1, . . . sub blockN}×{mode1, . . . modeN})of mode and functional block. For example, an equation may be developedfor sub block 1 (e.g., functional block)×mode 1, and the like. Equationgeneration for a functional block for a given mode may be performedusing measurements (e.g., lab dashboard measurements) of that mode withvarying input conditions and determining an equation, such as a linearor quadratic equation, using interpolation techniques. For example, amodel may be run for each combination of mode and functional block todetermine a power consumption equation (e.g., a linear or quadraticequation) associated with each mode and functional block combination. Insome cases, the model may be run for each combination of mode andfunctional block using at least one input parameter, where the at leastone input parameter is chosen based on the mode and functional blockcombination. As such, groups of modem units may be classified inrespective functional blocks, and an equation is determined for eachfunctional block for estimating power usage. The power response trendmetric may be a linear, quadratic, cubic, exponential, or other equationwhich may be determined using interpolation, or the like, such that thepower consumption of the modem units within a functional block maychange in a similar way as the at least one input variable changes. Insome cases, the input parameter used to determine the equation may bethe same input parameter used to classify modem units into functionalblocks. As such, different combinations may be associated with differentinput parameters. For example, the input parameter for classifying modemunits into a functional block (via analysis) for the combination offunctional block 1 (e.g., SOC, DRAM, and PMIC) and mode 7 (e.g.,LTE-PDCCH) may be a number of receive layer multiplied by the bandwidthper layer (e.g., Total_DL_BW*Layers). As the key input parameter pereach function depends on the combination, the input parameter for eachcombination may be different. In some cases, some combinations may sharethe same input parameters. Additional input parameters may includevoltage (e.g., rail voltage), throughput (e.g., maximum uplink and/ordownlink throughput for LTE, NR, etc.), bandwidth (e.g., total downlinkbandwidth), total number of layers, reception and/or transmission of thedevice (e.g., 4RX enabled on any carrier, receiver antenna history,downlink receiver count, uplink transmitter count, no reception and notransmission count, reception and transmission count, downlink receptionof a PDCCH count, TDD uplink no transmitter count), mode duration of thedevice (e.g., no sleep duration, partial sleep duration, deep sleepduration, etc.), and the like.

The power consumption of each functional block may be measured whileoperating each mode at different values of the input parameter (e.g.,bandwidth, download size, number of layers). The power consumption ofeach functional block while operating each mode may be determined basedon lab measurements, such that the power consumption of each functionalblock while operating under each mode may be determined in a labenvironment, statically. For example, to determine the equation (e.g.,equation 1) for functional block 1 and mode 1, the power consumption offunctional block 1 may be measured while functional block 1 operated inmode 1 at multiple different values of the input parameter, such as 1megabit per second (mbps), 10 mbps, 100 mbps, 500 mbps in the case thatthe input parameter is download size. In some cases, the equationassociated with some functional block and mode combinations may not bebased on input parameters. Rather, some modes may be associated with aconstant power level, such as some sleep modes (e.g., LTE-sleep mode, 5GmmW-sleep mode) and partial sleep modes where the power consumptionduring these modes may be constant (or near constant) and independent ofan input parameter value. As such, the power consumption of a functionalblock while operating in such mode, may be a constant characterizedvalue, where the constant characterized value may change based on thefunctional block. Then, the power consumption measurements (y) may beplotted against the different input values of the parameter (x) todetermine a power consumption equation associated with functional block1 and the mode 1 based on the input parameter. The plot may be fittedfirst to a linear equation. If the linear equation does not meet anaccuracy threshold level, then a quadratic equation may be fitted to theplot. For example, the power consumption measurements and inputparameter values of the combination of functional block 1 and mode 7, asdescribed above, may be Power=0.2289(Total_(DL) _(BW) *Layers)+13.576.Such equation generation techniques may be performed for eachcombination of functional block and each mode. For example, in the caseof 5 functional blocks and 16 modes, as depicted in FIG. 3, the equationgeneration techniques may determine 96 equations such as equation 1associated with functional block 1 and mode 1, equation 15 associatedwith functional block 3 and mode 3, equation 24 associated withfunctional block 6 and mode 4, equation 50 associated with functionalblock 2 and mode 9, and equation 70 associated with functional block 4and mode 12.

The device (e.g., the UE, the chipset) may be configured with the set ofequations and constant values (in software of the device), the mode andfunctional block combination each equation and constant value isassociated with, and the input parameter each equation is associatedwith. The device may be configured with the set of equations via amathematical function via a look up table. In some cases, the device maybe configured with or receive an indication of a calculation periodicitythat may define how often the device calculates the power consumption ofthe device. The calculation periodicity may be defined as a quantity oftime, such as by a quantity of milliseconds, seconds, minutes, slots,symbols, subframes, etc. Between calculations, the device may beconfigured to monitor the activity of the functional block subsets ofthe device during the time interval. A chipset may then determine thefunctional blocks 225 that operate during the time interval, the modeseach functional block 225 operated in, and the proportion of time eachcombination (mode and functional block 225 combination) was used withinthe time interval. For example, the device (e.g., the UE, or thechipset, a modem unit) may be configured with a calculation periodicityof 400 ms. Within the 400 ms, the chipset may determine that functionalblocks 1, 3, and 6 operated according to mode 1 for 100 ms, functionalblocks 1, 2, and 5 operated according to mode 10 for 200 ms, andfunctional block 5 operated according to mode 16 for 100 ms.

The chipset may use the mathematical function or lookup table todetermine appropriate equations based on the activity of the functionalblocks in the 400 ms. For example, the chipset may determine thatequations 1, 3, 6, 55, 56, 59, and 95 apply for the example 400 ms. Thechipset may also determine the parameter associated with each equation.At the end of the time interval and at a calculation period, the chipsetmay perform the calculations using the determined equations, where eachoutput may equal the amount of power consumed by a functional blockwhile operating under a mode as if the functional block operated in themode for the total interval. As such, the device may adjust the outputsby multiplying each output by the percentage (e.g., proportion) of thetime interval that the functional block actually operated in that mode.For example, the output of equation 1 may be multiplied by 25% becausethe first functional block operated in the first mode for 25% of the 400ms time interval. The chipset may calculate the estimated powerconsumption level for the chipset consumed for the time interval (e.g.,total estimated power the chipset consumed during the time interval)between the calculation periodicities by adding the adjusted totalestimated powers for each functional block.

In some cases, throughout the time interval, the chipset (e.g., softwareof the chipset) may determine which functional blocks are operatingunder which modes and the software may determine the equationsassociated with the combinations of modes and functional blocks thatoccur in the time interval and/or determine the input parametersassociated with each combination. In real-time, the chipset may keep alog for each functional block that includes the input parameter and modethe functional block is in. For example, (continuing with the aboveexample), as functional blocks become activated and operate under mode1, the chipset may log, for each functional block, the input parameterassociated with the combination of the functional block and mode, themode the functional block operated it, the equation associated with thecombination of the functional block and mode, or the amount of time eachfunctional block operated in the mode, or a combination thereof. Thechipset may configure a histogram of the logged input parameters andgeneric modes for each functional block. In some cases, the chipset mayconfigure the histogram as the log, such that the histogram isconfigured in real-time. At the calculation periodicity (at the end ofthe 400 ms), the chipset may evaluate the histogram to determine thecorresponding equations and calculate the total estimated power perfunctional block, where the total estimated power may be a weightedaverage of modes and input parameters in the histogram. As a result, thechipset determined the amount of power a functional block consumedduring the time interval between calculation periodicities based on theone or more modes the functional block operated in and based on theduration of time the functional block operated in each of the one ormore modes. The chipset may calculate the total power the chipsetconsumed during the time interval between the calculation periodicitiesby adding the total estimated power for each functional block.

In some cases, the real-time power estimation techniques as describedherein may be implemented as a power estimator tool in one or moredevices (e.g., a UE), or components of a device (e.g., chipset, modem).For example, a power estimator tool may be implemented in a modem unitor component (e.g., chipset, processor) of a device, where the powerestimator tool may be fully implemented and enabled in software binaryof a device. The power estimator tool may not cause any additional powerconsumption of the device and may not impact (e.g., negatively impact)the performance of the device. In some implementations, the powerestimator tool may be used to estimate the peak and average current at abaseband of the device (e.g., LTE/NR modem subsystem (MSS) power, modem(MDM) interconnect power (e.g., power of an interconnect between SDXseries chips (such as modem chips) and SDR chips (such as RF chips)),SOC/DDR/PMIC power), peak and average current wireless transmitterreceiver/transceiver (WTR) of the device (e.g., RF interconnect power,WMSS power, mixed signal IP (MSIP) power, RF power, etc.), peak andaverage current at mmW RF chip of the device (e.g., used mmW RF chippower, unused mmW RF chip power, etc.), peak and average current at ammW RF/intermediate frequency (IF) chip of the device (e.g., NR mmW RFinterconnect Power, NR mmW WMSS power, NR mmW RF MSIP power, etc.). Insome examples, a weighted average of power of each of the mode statesmay be determined during the time interval. In some examples, a peakpower in a given configuration may be determined, which may becalculated assuming that only the data generic mode is occurring (e.g.,the data mode (the highest power generic mode) has 100% of the weight inthe weighted average). In some cases, the power estimator tool may beuse while the device is in a connected mode, and may be use in differenttypes of wireless communications systems such as LTE, NR 5G, ENDC, WCDM,etc.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a process flow 400 that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure. The process flow 400 mayillustrate an example power estimation procedure that may be performedby a device (e.g., post-silicon device). For example, a device, such asa UE or a base station or a component of a UE or base station, such asthe base station and the UE as described with reference to FIGS. 1through 3, may be configured with power estimation techniques. The powerestimation techniques may be implemented real-time by the device todetermine the overall power consumption of the device. Alternativeexamples of the following may be implemented, where some steps areperformed in a different order than described or are not performed atall. In some cases, steps may include additional features not mentionedbelow, or further steps may be added.

The techniques described herein may result in simplified equations(e.g., linear, quadratic equations, or other higher order polynomialequations) or simple lookup table based on few key input parameters forfunctional blocks, such that the calculations and/or lookup table arenot computing or power intensive. The described techniques may slotcomplex modem scenarios (e.g., real-world modem scenarios) intosimplified scenarios which may be represented by simplified equationsand weigh them together. As such, complex scenarios may be slotted intosimplified models using linear or quadratic non-compute, non-powerintensive functions.

In some case, the chipset 405 may receive, such as from the processor410 or base station, a command requesting calculation of an estimatedpower consumption level for a set of modem functional blocks (e.g.,modem functional block) of a chipset, or the chipset may otherwisedetermine to perform calculations of the estimation power consumptionlevel. In some cases, the chipset 405 may be configured to perform thepower estimation techniques periodically, semi-persistently, orperiodically. In some cases, the chipset 405 may receive a command thatindicates a duration of the time interval over which to calculate theestimated power consumption level for the set of modem functional blocksof the chipset.

At 415, a chipset 405 of a UE may identify a set of multiple modes of aset of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes. In someexamples, the power response for at least one input parameter type thatsatisfies the power response trend metric for at least one mode of theset of multiple modes. Each modem unit of the set of modem units may bea SOC unit, a DRAM unit, a PMIC unit, a modem unit, a transceiver unit,a RF unit, a PA unit, or a LNA unit. In some cases, the SOC unit mayinclude one or more sub-units, where each sub-unit may be referred to asa modem unit. There may be multiple sub-units within an SOC unit. Amodem unit may be part of an SOC. However, a modem unit may be treatedas a separate equation and separate block for equation purposes.

In some cases, chipset 405 may identify one or more modem functionalblocks of the set of modem functional blocks of the chipset thatoperates during at least a portion of the time interval.

At 420, chipset 405 may select a set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations of a set of power estimate calculation equationsbased on the set of multiple modes. In some implementations, chipset 405may select the set of multiple power estimate calculation equations ofthe set of power estimate calculation equations based on each powerestimate calculation equation of the selected set being associated withat least one modem functional block of the set of modem functionalblocks and at least one mode of the set of modes in which the modemfunctional block operated in during at least a portion of the timeinterval.

In some cases, chipset 405 may determine a first power estimatecalculation equation from the set of power estimate calculationequations to calculate a first estimated subpower consumption level fora first modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocksbased on the first modem functional block operating, during at least aportion of the time interval, in a first mode corresponding to the firstpower estimate calculation equation. The chipset 405 may calculate thefirst estimated subpower consumption level for the first modemfunctional block corresponding to the time interval based on the firstpower estimate calculation equation, where the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based on the first estimated subpowerconsumption level.

In some cases, chipset 405 may determine a second power estimatecalculation equation from the set of power estimate calculationequations to calculate a second estimated subpower consumption level fora second modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocksbased on the second modem functional block operating, during at least aportion of the time interval, in the first mode corresponding to thesecond power estimate calculation equation. The chipset 405 maycalculate the second estimated subpower consumption level for the secondmodem functional block corresponding to the time interval based on thesecond power estimate calculation equation, where the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based on the second estimated subpowerconsumption level.

In some cases, chipset 405 may determine a second power estimatecalculation equation from the set of power estimate calculationequations to calculate a second estimated subpower consumption level forthe first modem functional block of the set of modem functional blocksbased on the first modem functional block operating, during a secondportion of the time interval, in a second mode corresponding to thesecond power estimate calculation equation. The chipset 405 maycalculate the second estimated subpower consumption level for the firstmodem functional block during the second portion of the time intervalbased on the second power estimate calculation equation, where theestimated power consumption level is calculated based on the secondestimated subpower consumption level.

In some implementations, chipset 405 may determine a communicationparameter value for the at least one input parameter type correspondingto a first power estimate calculation equation of the set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations, and calculate a first estimatedsubpower consumption level based on the first power estimate calculationequation and the communication parameter value for the at least oneinput parameter type, where the estimated power consumption level iscalculated based on the first estimated subpower consumption level. Thecommunication parameter value may be a number of layers, or a bandwidthper layer, or a total allocated bandwidth, or a combination thereof.These are just examples of possible communication parameters, such thatthe communication parameter is not limited to a number of layers, or abandwidth per layer, or a total allocated bandwidth.

At 425, chipset 405 may calculate an estimated power consumption levelfor the chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes.

In some implementations, chipset 405 may calculate a set of estimatedsubpower consumption levels corresponding to a respective modemfunctional block of the set of modem functional blocks, each estimatedsubpower consumption level of the set of estimated subpower consumptionlevels calculated using a respective power estimate calculation equationof the set of power estimate calculation equations. Chipset 405 mayadjust each estimated subpower consumption level of the set of estimatedsubpower consumption levels based on multiplying each estimated subpowerconsumption level by a proportion of the time interval each respectivemodem functional block operated in the respective mode, and calculatethe estimated power consumption level based on adding the adjustedestimated subpower consumption levels.

In some cases, chipset 405 may calculate the estimated power consumptionlevel based on a weighted average of a set of estimated subpowerconsumption levels calculated for a respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks that operated in multiple modesduring the time interval. In some implementations, chipset 405 maycalculate, for each period of the time interval, a subsequent estimatedpower consumption level for the set of modem functional blocks for acorresponding period of the time interval.

At 430, chipset 405 may control operation of at least one component ofthe UE based on the estimated power consumption level. In some cases,some other device, such as processor 410 may control operation of atleast one component of the UE based on the estimated power consumptionlevel. In some cases, controlling the operation may include adjusting apower usage scheme corresponding to at least one modem functional blockof the set of modem functional blocks and/or adjusting a thermalmitigation scheme corresponding to at least one modem functional blockof the set of modem functional blocks.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram 500 of a device 505 that supports techniques forestimating power consumption of a chipset in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of aUE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, acommunications manager 515, and a transmitter 520. The device 505 mayalso include a processor. Each of these components may be incommunication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 510 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to techniquesfor estimating power consumption of a chipset, etc.). Information may bepassed on to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may bean example of aspects of the transceiver 820 described with reference toFIG. 8. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set ofantennas.

The communications manager 515 may identify a set of multiple modes of aset of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes, selecta set of multiple power estimate calculation equations of a set of powerestimate calculation equations based on the set of multiple modes,calculate an estimated power consumption level for the chipset for thetime interval based on the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations and a proportion of the time interval a respective multiplemodem functional block of the set of modem functional blocks operates ina respective mode of the set of multiple modes, and control operation ofat least one component of the UE based on the estimated powerconsumption level. The communications manager 515 may be an example ofaspects of the communications manager 810 described herein.

The communications manager 515, or its sub-components, may beimplemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by aprocessor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executedby a processor, the functions of the communications manager 515, or itssub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digitalsignal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmablelogic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardwarecomponents, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functionsdescribed in the present disclosure.

The communications manager 515, or its sub-components, may be physicallylocated at various positions, including being distributed such thatportions of functions are implemented at different physical locations byone or more physical components. In some examples, the communicationsmanager 515, or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinctcomponent in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.In some examples, the communications manager 515, or its sub-components,may be combined with one or more other hardware components, includingbut not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, anetwork server, another computing device, one or more other componentsdescribed in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof inaccordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

The transmitter 520 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 505. In some examples, the transmitter 520 may becollocated with a receiver 510 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 520 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 820described with reference to FIG. 8. The transmitter 520 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

In some implementations, the communications manager 515 may be asoftware layer that interacts with software running for the receiver510, baseband processor, transmitter 520. As such, the communicationsmanager 515 (e.g., hardware, software, or a combination thereof) may bean engine that communicates with software of all engines working onreceiving, baseband, and transmitting.

The communications manager 515 as described herein may be implemented torealize one or more potential advantages. One implementation may allowthe device 505 to efficiently estimate power consumption of the device505 in real-time. For example, a device 505 may be configured with apower estimator tool to determine the power estimation of the device505, that may allow the device to take action to conserve battery lifeand/or thermal effects of the device 505.

Based on implementing the power consumption estimation techniques asdescribed herein, a processor of a UE 115 (e.g., controlling thereceiver 510, the transmitter 520, or the transceiver 820 as describedwith reference to FIG. 8) may increase reliability and efficiency in thepower consumption estimation of a UE 115 or of one or more components ofa UE.

FIG. 6 shows a diagram 600 of a device 605 that supports techniques forestimating power consumption of a chipset in accordance with aspects ofthe present disclosure. The device 605 may be an example of aspects of adevice 505, or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 605 may includea receiver 610, a communications manager 615, and a transmitter 640. Thedevice 605 may also include a processor. Each of these components may bein communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The receiver 610 may receive information such as packets, user data, orcontrol information associated with various information channels (e.g.,control channels, data channels, and information related to techniquesfor estimating power consumption of a chipset, etc.). Information may bepassed on to other components of the device 605. The receiver 610 may bean example of aspects of the transceiver 820 described with reference toFIG. 8. The receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a set ofantennas.

The communications manager 615 may be an example of aspects of thecommunications manager 515 as described herein. The communicationsmanager 615 may include a mode identifying manager 620, a power estimateequation manager 625, a power consumption calculation manager 630, andan operation manager 635. The communications manager 615 may be anexample of aspects of the communications manager 810 described herein.

The mode identifying manager 620 may identify a set of multiple modes ofa set of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes.

The power estimate equation manager 625 may select a set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations of a set of power estimatecalculation equations based on the set of multiple modes. The powerconsumption calculation manager 630 may calculate an estimated powerconsumption level for the chipset for the time interval based on the setof multiple power estimate calculation equations and a proportion of thetime interval a respective multiple modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set ofmultiple modes. The operation manager 635 may control operation of atleast one component of the UE based on the estimated power consumptionlevel.

The transmitter 640 may transmit signals generated by other componentsof the device 605. In some examples, the transmitter 640 may becollocated with a receiver 610 in a transceiver module. For example, thetransmitter 640 may be an example of aspects of the transceiver 820described with reference to FIG. 8. The transmitter 640 may utilize asingle antenna or a set of antennas.

FIG. 7 shows a diagram 700 of a communications manager 705 that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager 705may be an example of aspects of a communications manager 515, acommunications manager 615, or a communications manager 810 describedherein. The communications manager 705 may include a mode identifyingmanager 710, a power estimate equation manager 715, a power consumptioncalculation manager 720, an operation manager 725, a functional blockmanager 730, an input parameter manager 735, and a calculation requestmanager 740. Each of these modules may communicate, directly orindirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

The mode identifying manager 710 may identify a set of multiple modes ofa set of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes. Thepower estimate equation manager 715 may select a set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations of a set of power estimate calculationequations based on the set of multiple modes. The power consumptioncalculation manager 720 may calculate an estimated power consumptionlevel for the chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations and a proportion of the timeinterval a respective multiple modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set ofmultiple modes. The operation manager 725 may control operation of atleast one component of the UE based on the estimated power consumptionlevel.

In some cases, each modem unit of the set of modem units is a system onchip (SOC) unit, a dynamic random access memory (DRAM) unit, a powermanagement integrated circuit (PMIC) unit, a modem unit, a transceiverunit, a radio frequency (RF) unit, a power amplifier (PA) unit, or alow-noise amplifier (LNA) unit.

In some examples, the power estimate equation manager 715 may determinea first power estimate calculation equation from the set of powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a first estimated subpowerconsumption level for a first modem functional block of the set of modemfunctional blocks based on the first modem functional block operating,during at least a portion of the time interval, in a first modecorresponding to the first power estimate calculation equation. In someexamples, the power estimate equation manager 715 may determine a secondpower estimate calculation equation from the set of power estimatecalculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for a second modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks based on the second modem functional blockoperating, during at least a portion of the time interval, in the firstmode corresponding to the second power estimate calculation equation.

In some examples, the power estimate equation manager 715 may determinea second power estimate calculation equation from the set of powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for the first modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks based on the first modem functional blockoperating, during a second portion of the time interval, in a secondmode corresponding to the second power estimate calculation equation. Insome examples, the power estimate equation manager 715 may select theset of multiple power estimate calculation equations of the set of powerestimate calculation equations based on each power estimate calculationequation of the selected set being associated with at least one modemfunctional block of the set of modem functional blocks and at least onemode of the set of modes in which the modem functional block operated induring at least a portion of the time interval.

In some examples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 maycalculate the first estimated subpower consumption level for the firstmodem functional block corresponding to the time interval based on thefirst power estimate calculation equation, where the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based on the first estimated subpowerconsumption level. In some examples, the power consumption calculationmanager 720 may calculate the second estimated subpower consumptionlevel for the second modem functional block corresponding to the timeinterval based on the second power estimate calculation equation, wherethe estimated power consumption level is calculated based on the secondestimated subpower consumption level.

In some examples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 maycalculate the second estimated subpower consumption level for the firstmodem functional block during the second portion of the time intervalbased on the second power estimate calculation equation, where theestimated power consumption level is calculated based on the secondestimated subpower consumption level. In some examples, the powerconsumption calculation manager 720 may calculate a set of estimatedsubpower consumption levels corresponding to a respective modemfunctional block of the set of modem functional blocks, each estimatedsubpower consumption level of the set of estimated subpower consumptionlevels calculated using a respective power estimate calculation equationof the set of power estimate calculation equations.

In some examples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 mayadjust each estimated subpower consumption level of the set of estimatedsubpower consumption levels based on multiplying each estimated subpowerconsumption level by a proportion of the time interval each respectivemodem functional block operated in the respective mode. In someexamples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 may calculatethe estimated power consumption level based on adding the adjustedestimated subpower consumption levels.

In some examples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 maycalculate the estimated power consumption level based on a weightedaverage of a set of estimated subpower consumption levels calculated fora respective modem functional block of the set of modem functionalblocks that operated in multiple modes during the time interval. In someexamples, the power consumption calculation manager 720 may calculate afirst estimated subpower consumption level based on the first powerestimate calculation equation and the communication parameter value forthe at least one input parameter type, where the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based on the first estimated subpowerconsumption level. In some examples, the power consumption calculationmanager 720 may calculate, for each period of the time interval, asubsequent estimated power consumption level for the set of modemfunctional blocks for a corresponding period of the time interval.

In some examples, the operation manager 725 may adjust a power usagescheme corresponding to at least one modem functional block of the setof modem functional blocks. In some examples, the operation manager 725may adjust a thermal mitigation scheme corresponding to at least onemodem functional block of the set of modem functional blocks.

The functional block manager 730 may identify one or more modemfunctional blocks of the set of modem functional blocks of the chipsetthat operates during at least a portion of the time interval.

The input parameter manager 735 may determine a communication parametervalue for the at least one input parameter type corresponding to a firstpower estimate calculation equation of the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations.

In some cases, the communication parameter value is a number of layers,or a bandwidth per layer, or a total allocated bandwidth, or acombination thereof. The communication parameter value may not belimited to the parameters described herein. Any number of communicationparameters may be defined.

The calculation request manager 740 may receive a command requestingcalculation of the estimated power consumption level for the chipset. Insome examples, the calculation request manager 740 may receive thecommand that indicates a duration of the time interval over which tocalculate the estimated power consumption level for the set of modemfunctional blocks of the chipset.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of a system 800 including a device 805 thatsupports techniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset inaccordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 805 may bean example of or include the components of device 505, device 605, or aUE 115 as described herein. The device 805 may include components forbi-directional voice and data communications including components fortransmitting and receiving communications, including a communicationsmanager 810, an I/O controller 815, a transceiver 820, an antenna 825,memory 830, and a processor 840. These components may be in electroniccommunication via one or more buses (e.g., bus 845).

The communications manager 810 may identify a set of multiple modes of aset of modes in which at least one modem functional block of a set ofmodem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at leasta portion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes, selecta set of multiple power estimate calculation equations of a set of powerestimate calculation equations based on the set of multiple modes,calculate an estimated power consumption level for the chipset for thetime interval based on the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations and a proportion of the time interval a respective multiplemodem functional block of the set of modem functional blocks operates ina respective mode of the set of multiple modes, and control operation ofat least one component of the UE based on the estimated powerconsumption level.

The I/O controller 815 may manage input and output signals for thedevice 805. The I/O controller 815 may also manage peripherals notintegrated into the device 805. In some cases, the I/O controller 815may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral.In some cases, the I/O controller 815 may utilize an operating systemsuch as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, oranother known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller 815may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, atouchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller 815may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user mayinteract with the device 805 via the I/O controller 815 or via hardwarecomponents controlled by the I/O controller 815.

The transceiver 820 may communicate bi-directionally, via one or moreantennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, thetransceiver 820 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicatebi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 820may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide themodulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulatepackets received from the antennas.

In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna 825.However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna 825,which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiplewireless transmissions.

The memory 830 may include random-access memory (RAM) and read-onlymemory (ROM). The memory 830 may store computer-readable,computer-executable code 835 including instructions that, when executed,cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. Insome cases, the memory 830 may contain, among other things, a basic I/Osystem (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operationsuch as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.

The processor 840 may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, anFPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logiccomponent, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof).In some cases, the processor 840 may be configured to operate a memoryarray using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller maybe integrated into the processor 840. The processor 840 may beconfigured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory(e.g., the memory 830) to cause the device 805 to perform variousfunctions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for estimatingpower consumption of a chipset).

The code 835 may include instructions to implement aspects of thepresent disclosure, including instructions to support wirelesscommunications. The code 835 may be stored in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory.In some cases, the code 835 may not be directly executable by theprocessor 840 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled andexecuted) to perform functions described herein.

FIG. 9 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 900 that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 900 maybe implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein. Forexample, the operations of method 900 may be performed by acommunications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally, or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 905, the UE may identify a set of multiple modes of a set of modes inwhich at least one modem functional block of a set of modem functionalblocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at least a portion of atime interval, each respective modem functional block of the set ofmodem functional blocks including a set of modem units classified tohave a power response that satisfies a power response trend metric forat least one mode of the set of multiple modes. The operations of 905may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 905 may be performed by a modeidentifying manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 910, the UE may select a set of multiple power estimate calculationequations of a set of power estimate calculation equations based on theset of multiple modes. The operations of 910 may be performed accordingto the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 910 may be performed by a power estimate equation manageras described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 915, the UE may calculate an estimated power consumption level forthe chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes. The operations of 915 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 915 maybe performed by a power consumption calculation manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 920, the UE may control operation of at least one component of the UEbased on the estimated power consumption level. The operations of 920may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 920 may be performed by anoperation manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

FIG. 10 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1000 that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1000may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein.For example, the operations of method 1000 may be performed by acommunications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally, or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1005, the UE may identify a set of multiple modes of a set of modesin which at least one modem functional block of a set of modemfunctional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at least aportion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes. Theoperations of 1005 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1005 may beperformed by a mode identifying manager as described with reference toFIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1010, the UE may identify one or more modem functional blocks of theset of modem functional blocks of the chipset that operates during atleast a portion of the time interval. The operations of 1010 may beperformed according to the methods described herein. In some examples,aspects of the operations of 1010 may be performed by a functional blockmanager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1015, the UE may select a set of multiple power estimate calculationequations of a set of power estimate calculation equations based on theset of multiple modes. The operations of 1015 may be performed accordingto the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1015 may be performed by a power estimate equation manageras described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1020, the UE may calculate an estimated power consumption level forthe chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes. The operations of 1020 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1020may be performed by a power consumption calculation manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1025, the UE may control operation of at least one component of theUE based on the estimated power consumption level. The operations of1025 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1025 may be performed by anoperation manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

FIG. 11 shows a flowchart illustrating a method 1100 that supportstechniques for estimating power consumption of a chipset in accordancewith aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1100may be implemented by a UE 115 or its components as described herein.For example, the operations of method 1100 may be performed by acommunications manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control thefunctional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below.Additionally, or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of thefunctions described below using special-purpose hardware.

At 1105, the UE may identify a set of multiple modes of a set of modesin which at least one modem functional block of a set of modemfunctional blocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at least aportion of a time interval, each respective modem functional block ofthe set of modem functional blocks including a set of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes. Theoperations of 1105 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1105 may beperformed by a mode identifying manager as described with reference toFIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1110, the UE may select a set of multiple power estimate calculationequations of a set of power estimate calculation equations based on theset of multiple modes. The operations of 1110 may be performed accordingto the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of theoperations of 1110 may be performed by a power estimate equation manageras described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1115, the UE may calculate a set of estimated subpower consumptionlevels corresponding to a respective modem functional block of the setof modem functional blocks, each estimated subpower consumption level ofthe set of estimated subpower consumption levels calculated using arespective power estimate calculation equation of the set of powerestimate calculation equations. The operations of 1115 may be performedaccording to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects ofthe operations of 1115 may be performed by a power consumptioncalculation manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1120, the UE may adjust each estimated subpower consumption level ofthe set of estimated subpower consumption levels based on multiplyingeach estimated subpower consumption level by a proportion of the timeinterval each respective modem functional block operated in a respectivemode. The operations of 1120 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1120may be performed by a power consumption calculation manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1125, the UE may calculate the estimated power consumption levelbased on adding the adjusted estimated subpower consumption levels. Theoperations of 1125 may be performed according to the methods describedherein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1125 may beperformed by a power consumption calculation manager as described withreference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1130, the UE may calculate an estimated power consumption level forthe chipset for the time interval based on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the set of modemfunctional blocks operates in the respective mode of the set of multiplemodes. The operations of 1130 may be performed according to the methodsdescribed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1130may be performed by a power consumption calculation manager as describedwith reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

At 1135, the UE may control operation of at least one component of theUE based on the estimated power consumption level. The operations of1135 may be performed according to the methods described herein. In someexamples, aspects of the operations of 1135 may be performed by anoperation manager as described with reference to FIGS. 5 through 8.

The following provides an overview of aspects of the present disclosure:

Aspect 1: A method for wireless communications at a UE, comprising:identifying a set of multiple modes of a plurality of modes in which atleast one modem functional block of a plurality of modem functionalblocks of a chipset of the UE operates during at least a portion of atime interval, each respective modem functional block of the pluralityof modem functional blocks comprising a plurality of modem unitsclassified to have a power response that satisfies a power responsetrend metric for at least one mode of the set of multiple modes;selecting a set of multiple power estimate calculation equations of aplurality of power estimate calculation equations based at least in parton the set of multiple modes; calculating an estimated power consumptionlevel for the chipset for the time interval based at least in part onthe set of multiple power estimate calculation equations and aproportion of the time interval a respective multiple modem functionalblock of the plurality of modem functional blocks operates in arespective mode of the set of multiple modes; and controlling operationof at least one component of the UE based at least in part on theestimated power consumption level.

Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, further comprising: identifying one ormore modem functional blocks of the plurality of modem functional blocksof the chipset that operates during at least the portion of the timeinterval.

Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1 through 2, further comprising:determining a first power estimate calculation equation from theplurality of power estimate calculation equations to calculate a firstestimated subpower consumption level for a first modem functional blockof the plurality of modem functional blocks based at least in part onthe first modem functional block operating, during at least the portionof the time interval, in a first mode corresponding to the first powerestimate calculation equation; and calculating the first estimatedsubpower consumption level for the first modem functional blockcorresponding to the time interval based at least in part on the firstpower estimate calculation equation, wherein the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based at least in part on the firstestimated subpower consumption level.

Aspect 4: The method of aspect 3, further comprising: determining asecond power estimate calculation equation from the plurality of powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for a second modem functional block of the pluralityof modem functional blocks based at least in part on the second modemfunctional block operating, during at least the portion of the timeinterval, in the first mode corresponding to the second power estimatecalculation equation; and calculating the second estimated subpowerconsumption level for the second modem functional block corresponding tothe time interval based at least in part on the second power estimatecalculation equation, wherein the estimated power consumption level iscalculated based at least in part on the second estimated subpowerconsumption level.

Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 3 through 4, further comprising:determining a second power estimate calculation equation from theplurality of power estimate calculation equations to calculate a secondestimated subpower consumption level for the first modem functionalblock of the plurality of modem functional blocks based at least in parton the first modem functional block operating, during a second portionof the time interval, in a second mode corresponding to the second powerestimate calculation equation; and calculating the second estimatedsubpower consumption level for the first modem functional block duringthe second portion of the time interval based at least in part on thesecond power estimate calculation equation, wherein the estimated powerconsumption level is calculated based at least in part on the secondestimated subpower consumption level.

Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1 through 5, wherein selectingthe set of multiple power estimate calculation equations furthercomprises: selecting the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations of the plurality of power estimate calculation equations basedat least in part on each power estimate calculation equation of theselected set being associated with at least one modem functional blockof the plurality of modem functional blocks and the at least one mode ofthe plurality of modes in which the modem functional block operated induring at least the portion of the time interval.

Aspect 7: The method of any of aspects 1 through 6, wherein calculatingthe estimated power consumption level further comprises: calculating aplurality of estimated subpower consumption levels corresponding to arespective modem functional block of the plurality of modem functionalblocks, each estimated subpower consumption level of the plurality ofestimated subpower consumption levels calculated using a respectivepower estimate calculation equation of the plurality of power estimatecalculation equations; adjusting each estimated subpower consumptionlevel of the plurality of estimated subpower consumption levels based atleast in part on multiplying each estimated subpower consumption levelby the proportion of the time interval each respective modem functionalblock operated in a respective mode; and calculating the estimated powerconsumption level based at least in part on adding the adjustedestimated subpower consumption levels.

Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 1 through 7, wherein calculatingthe estimated power consumption level further comprises: calculating theestimated power consumption level based at least in part on a weightedaverage of a plurality of estimated subpower consumption levelscalculated for a respective modem functional block of the plurality ofmodem functional blocks that operated in multiple modes during the timeinterval.

Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 1 through 8, wherein the powerresponse that satisfies the power response trend metric for at least onemode of the set of multiple modes is associated with at least one inputparameter type.

Aspect 10: The method of aspect 9, further comprising: determining acommunication parameter value for the at least one input parameter typecorresponding to a first power estimate calculation equation of the setof multiple power estimate calculation equations; and calculating afirst estimated subpower consumption level based at least in part on thefirst power estimate calculation equation and the communicationparameter value for the at least one input parameter type, wherein theestimated power consumption level is calculated based at least in parton the first estimated subpower consumption level.

Aspect 11: The method of aspect 10, wherein the communication parametervalue is a number of layers, or a bandwidth per layer, or a totalallocated bandwidth, or a combination thereof.

Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 1 through 11, whereincontrolling the operation further comprises: adjusting a power usagescheme corresponding to at least one modem functional block of theplurality of modem functional blocks.

Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1 through 12, whereincontrolling the operation further comprises: adjusting a thermalmitigation scheme corresponding to at least one modem functional blockof the plurality of modem functional blocks.

Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1 through 13, wherein each modemunit of the plurality of modem units is a system on chip (SOC) unit, adynamic random access memory (DRAM) unit, a power management integratedcircuit (PMIC) unit, a modem subunit, a transceiver unit, a radiofrequency (RF) unit, a power amplifier (PA) unit, or a low-noiseamplifier (LNA) unit.

Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1 through 14, furthercomprising: receiving a command requesting calculation of the estimatedpower consumption level for the chipset.

Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein receiving the commandrequesting calculation of the estimated power consumption level furthercomprises: receiving the command that indicates a duration of the timeinterval over which to calculate the estimated power consumption levelfor the plurality of modem functional blocks of the chipset.

Aspect 17: The method of any of aspects 1 through 16, furthercomprising: calculating, for each period of the time interval, asubsequent estimated power consumption level for the plurality of modemfunctional blocks for a corresponding period of the time interval.

Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communications at a UE, comprisinga processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions storedin the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus toperform a method of any of aspects 1 through 17.

Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communications at a UE, comprisingat least one means for performing a method of any of aspects 1 through17.

Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code forwireless communications at a UE, the code comprising instructionsexecutable by a processor to perform a method of any of aspects 1through 17.

It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possibleimplementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearrangedor otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.

Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, WCDMA, 2G, 3G, or NRsystem may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-APro, WCDMA, 2G, 3G, or NR terminology may be used in much of thedescription, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE,LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, WCDMA, 2G, 3G, or NR networks. For example, thedescribed techniques may be applicable to various other wirelesscommunications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems andradio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

Information and signals described herein may be represented using any ofa variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data,instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chipsthat may be referenced throughout the description may be represented byvoltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles,optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.

The various illustrative blocks and components described in connectionwith the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with ageneral-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or otherprogrammable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discretehardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform thefunctions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be amicroprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be anyprocessor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processormay also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., acombination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, oneor more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any othersuch configuration).

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, softwareexecuted by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may bestored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are withinthe scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to thenature of software, functions described herein may be implemented usingsoftware executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, orcombinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may alsobe physically located at various positions, including being distributedsuch that portions of functions are implemented at different physicallocations.

Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storagemedia and communication media including any medium that facilitatestransfer of a computer program from one place to another. Anon-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may beaccessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media mayinclude RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flashmemory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magneticdisk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any othernon-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired programcode means in the form of instructions or data structures and that maybe accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or ageneral-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection isproperly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the softwareis transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using acoaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line(DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave,then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, orwireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave areincluded in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc,as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatiledisc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproducedata magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.Combinations of the above are also included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, softwareexecuted by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may bestored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are withinthe scope and spirit of the disclosure and appended claims. For example,due to the nature of software, functions described above can beimplemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware,hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementingfunctions may also be physically located at various positions, includingbeing distributed such that portions of functions are implemented atdifferent physical locations. As used herein, including in the claims,the term “and/or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means thatany one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or anycombination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. Forexample, if a composition is described as containing components A, B,and/or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and Bin combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B,and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims,“or” as used in a list of items (for example, a list of items prefacedby a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates adisjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A,B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B andC).

In the appended figures, similar components or features may have thesame reference label. Further, various components of the same type maybe distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a secondlabel that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the firstreference label is used in the specification, the description isapplicable to any one of the similar components having the same firstreference label irrespective of the second reference label, or othersubsequent reference label.

The description set forth herein, in connection with the appendeddrawings, describes example configurations and does not represent allthe examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of theclaims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example,instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” or “advantageous overother examples.” The detailed description includes specific details forthe purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques.These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specificdetails. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown indiagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the describedexamples.

The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinaryskill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications tothe disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in theart, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to othervariations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, thedisclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein,but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principlesand novel features disclosed herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for wireless communications at auser equipment (UE), comprising: a processor; memory coupled with theprocessor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by theprocessor to cause the apparatus to: identify a set of multiple modes ofa plurality of modes in which at least one modem functional block of aplurality of modem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operatesduring at least a portion of a time interval, each respective modemfunctional block of the plurality of modem functional blocks comprisinga plurality of modem units classified to have a power response thatsatisfies a power response trend metric for at least one mode of the setof multiple modes; select a set of multiple power estimate calculationequations of a plurality of power estimate calculation equations basedat least in part on the set of multiple modes; calculate an estimatedpower consumption level for the chipset for the time interval based atleast in part on the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations and a proportion of the time interval a respective multiplemodem functional block of the plurality of modem functional blocksoperates in a respective mode of the set of multiple modes; and controloperation of at least one component of the UE based at least in part onthe estimated power consumption level.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor tocause the apparatus to: identify one or more modem functional blocks ofthe plurality of modem functional blocks of the chipset that operatesduring at least the portion of the time interval.
 3. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by theprocessor to cause the apparatus to: determine a first power estimatecalculation equation from the plurality of power estimate calculationequations to calculate a first estimated subpower consumption level fora first modem functional block of the plurality of modem functionalblocks based at least in part on the first modem functional blockoperating, during at least the portion of the time interval, in a firstmode corresponding to the first power estimate calculation equation; andcalculate the first estimated subpower consumption level for the firstmodem functional block corresponding to the time interval based at leastin part on the first power estimate calculation equation, wherein theestimated power consumption level is calculated based at least in parton the first estimated subpower consumption level.
 4. The apparatus ofclaim 3, wherein the instructions are further executable by theprocessor to cause the apparatus to: determine a second power estimatecalculation equation from the plurality of power estimate calculationequations to calculate a second estimated subpower consumption level fora second modem functional block of the plurality of modem functionalblocks based at least in part on the second modem functional blockoperating, during at least the portion of the time interval, in thefirst mode corresponding to the second power estimate calculationequation; and calculate the second estimated subpower consumption levelfor the second modem functional block corresponding to the time intervalbased at least in part on the second power estimate calculationequation, wherein the estimated power consumption level is calculatedbased at least in part on the second estimated subpower consumptionlevel.
 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the instructions are furtherexecutable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: determine asecond power estimate calculation equation from the plurality of powerestimate calculation equations to calculate a second estimated subpowerconsumption level for the first modem functional block of the pluralityof modem functional blocks based at least in part on the first modemfunctional block operating, during a second portion of the timeinterval, in a second mode corresponding to the second power estimatecalculation equation; and calculate the second estimated subpowerconsumption level for the first modem functional block during the secondportion of the time interval based at least in part on the second powerestimate calculation equation, wherein the estimated power consumptionlevel is calculated based at least in part on the second estimatedsubpower consumption level.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theinstructions to select the set of multiple power estimate calculationequations are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatusto: select the set of multiple power estimate calculation equations ofthe plurality of power estimate calculation equations based at least inpart on each power estimate calculation equation of the selected setbeing associated with at least one modem functional block of theplurality of modem functional blocks and the at least one mode of theplurality of modes in which the modem functional block operated induring at least the portion of the time interval.
 7. The apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the instructions to calculate the estimated powerconsumption level are further executable by the processor to cause theapparatus to: calculate a plurality of estimated subpower consumptionlevels corresponding to a respective modem functional block of theplurality of modem functional blocks, each estimated subpowerconsumption level of the plurality of estimated subpower consumptionlevels calculated using a respective power estimate calculation equationof the plurality of power estimate calculation equations; adjust eachestimated subpower consumption level of the plurality of estimatedsubpower consumption levels based at least in part on multiplying eachestimated subpower consumption level by the proportion of the timeinterval each respective modem functional block operated in therespective mode; and calculate the estimated power consumption levelbased at least in part on adding the adjusted estimated subpowerconsumption levels.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theinstructions to calculate the estimated power consumption level arefurther executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: calculatethe estimated power consumption level based at least in part on aweighted average of a plurality of estimated subpower consumption levelscalculated for a respective modem functional block of the plurality ofmodem functional blocks that operated in multiple modes during the timeinterval.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power response thatsatisfies the power response trend metric for at least one mode of theset of multiple modes is associated with at least one input parametertype.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the instructions are furtherexecutable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: determine acommunication parameter value for the at least one input parameter typecorresponding to a first power estimate calculation equation of the setof multiple power estimate calculation equations; and calculate a firstestimated subpower consumption level based at least in part on the firstpower estimate calculation equation and the communication parametervalue for the at least one input parameter type, wherein the estimatedpower consumption level is calculated based at least in part on thefirst estimated subpower consumption level.
 11. The apparatus of claim10, wherein the communication parameter value is a number of layers, ora bandwidth per layer, or a total allocated bandwidth, or a combinationthereof.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions tocontrol the operation are further executable by the processor to causethe apparatus to: adjust a power usage scheme corresponding to at leastone modem functional block of the plurality of modem functional blocks.13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions to control theoperation are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatusto: adjust a thermal mitigation scheme corresponding to at least onemodem functional block of the plurality of modem functional blocks. 14.The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each modem unit of the plurality ofmodem units is a system on chip (SOC) unit, a dynamic random accessmemory (DRAM) unit, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) unit, amodem subunit, a transceiver unit, a radio frequency (RF) unit, a poweramplifier (PA) unit, or a low-noise amplifier (LNA) unit.
 15. Theapparatus of claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable bythe processor to cause the apparatus to: receive a command requestingcalculation of the estimated power consumption level for the chipset.16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the instructions to receive thecommand requesting calculation of the estimated power consumption levelare further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to:receive the command that indicates a duration of the time interval overwhich to calculate the estimated power consumption level for theplurality of modem functional blocks of the chipset.
 17. The apparatusof claim 1, wherein the instructions are further executable by theprocessor to cause the apparatus to: calculate, for each period of thetime interval, a subsequent estimated power consumption level for theplurality of modem functional blocks for a corresponding period of thetime interval.
 18. A method for wireless communications at a userequipment (UE), comprising: identifying a set of multiple modes of aplurality of modes in which at least one modem functional block of aplurality of modem functional blocks of a chipset of the UE operatesduring at least a portion of a time interval, each respective modemfunctional block of the plurality of modem functional blocks comprisinga plurality of modem units classified to have a power response thatsatisfies a power response trend metric for at least one mode of the setof multiple modes; selecting a set of multiple power estimatecalculation equations of a plurality of power estimate calculationequations based at least in part on the set of multiple modes;calculating an estimated power consumption level for the chipset for thetime interval based at least in part on the set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations and a proportion of the time interval arespective multiple modem functional block of the plurality of modemfunctional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set of multiplemodes; and controlling operation of at least one component of the UEbased at least in part on the estimated power consumption level.
 19. Themethod of claim 18, further comprising: identifying one or more modemfunctional blocks of the plurality of modem functional blocks of thechipset that operates during at least the portion of the time interval.20. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wirelesscommunications at a user equipment (UE), the code comprisinginstructions executable by a processor to: identify a set of multiplemodes of a plurality of modes in which at least one modem functionalblock of a plurality of modem functional blocks of a chipset of the UEoperates during at least a portion of a time interval, each respectivemodem functional block of the plurality of modem functional blockscomprising a plurality of modem units classified to have a powerresponse that satisfies a power response trend metric for at least onemode of the set of multiple modes; select a set of multiple powerestimate calculation equations of a plurality of power estimatecalculation equations based at least in part on the set of multiplemodes; calculate an estimated power consumption level for the chipsetfor the time interval based at least in part on the set of multiplepower estimate calculation equations and a proportion of the timeinterval a respective multiple modem functional block of the pluralityof modem functional blocks operates in a respective mode of the set ofmultiple modes; and control operation of at least one component of theUE based at least in part on the estimated power consumption level.